Summary on
Association between phonocardiography and echocardiography in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction
English summary
Background
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a condition where the heart’s pumping ability seems normal, but it becomes stiff, leading to difficulty in filling with blood. This causes symptoms like breathlessness and fatigue. Heart sounds (HS), which can be measured using a simple device called phonocardiography (PCG), might provide clues about this condition. We wanted to see if PCG could give similar results to a detailed heart scan called echocardiography, especially in detecting signs of HFpEF.
What We Did
We studied 45 patients with symptoms of HFpEF, whose hearts pumped well (ejection fraction >45%) and were in normal rhythm. Each patient had both an echocardiogram and PCG measurements. We focused on comparing heart sound features like frequency, loudness, and timing to an echocardiographic measure called E/e’, which indicates how stiff the heart is.
What We Found
- Patients with higher E/e’ (more stiffness of the heart) had higher-pitched first and second heart sounds and longer intervals between certain heartbeat intervals.
- The timing from the start of the heartbeat to the first heart sound was the best predictor of higher E/e’ (heart stiffness), with moderate accuracy (72%).
- A blood test called NT-proBNP, often used to diagnose heart failure, showed a similar accuracy (67%), meaning heart sounds were just as good at identifying HFpEF based on higher E/e’.
Conclusion
Heart sound analysis using PCG is a simple, non-invasive way to evaluate patients with suspected HFpEF. It performs as well as blood tests in detecting heart stiffness and could be a convenient tool for doctors.